I made a speech today to the Heritage of London Trust, in which I draw attention to the astonishing fact that two of our country’s World Heritage Sites, Westminster and the Tower of London, could be put on the endangered list by UNESCO, the first in the developed world to suffer this ignominy.
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“The preservation of our heritage is not simply about more money. There is one thing we could do for no cost which would have a dramatic impact in the battle for our heritage.
Next month, UNESCO, the cultural organisation of the United Nations, will meet to discuss whether to put two World Heritage sites on their “endangered” list. If you asked the average person where these two sites are, they would assume they were in places like Afghanistan or Iraq. They would be astonished to learn that they are actually both in London - Westminster and the Tower of London.
They would be right to be astonished. There are 830 world heritage sites. Of these, only 31 - about a three per cent - are currently on the endangered list. They are indeed in places like Afghanistan, Iraq, Kosovo and the Congo. It is, therefore, a cause for national humiliation and shame that UNESCO should even be considering putting Westminster and the Tower of London on the same list, the first such sites in the developed world.
How did this astonishing situation come about?
Westminster and the Tower of London have been World Heritage Sites since the late 1980s. To maintain their status, UNESCO has called for a buffer zone to be put around each to protect their views from being damaged by tall buildings.
Simon Milton, the leader of Westminster Council, and Tony Arbour the Conservative planning spokesman on the GLA, have vigorously supported this proposal. Ken Livingstone, London’s Mayor, and the Government have refused to agree to the establishment of buffer zones. It is not hard to see why.
They are in thrall to the skyscraper. The Tower of London’s views would already have been damaged by the Minerva Tower, which is only not now going ahead because of financial problems. The London Bridge Tower (the Shard of Glass) remains a danger. A substantial tower at Vauxhall has been already been given planning permission which will damage views of Parliament. A number of other tall buildings have also been proposed or talked about which would have a devastating impact on the views around the Palace of Westminster. Two tall buildings have been proposed by Victoria; there is a risk of development in Waterloo and Blackfriars; there is a proposal for a tower at
Coin Street
. All of these proposals - some merely ideas, others more substantial, and one going ahead, would have a massive impact on the historic and important views around the Palace of Westminster. They should be stopped. The Government should immediately put in place a buffer zone to protect the site.
There are two objections to my position, one aesthetic and one commercial.
The aesthetic objection is this: any one who argues for a buffer zone is secretly against modern architecture. London, say those who put forward this argument, should not be set in aspic. Every generation should leave its mark. Quite so. I am a huge supporter of modern architecture, but it should always be in the right context. As an example, even those that support the buffer zone backed the London Eye. Its delicate and perforated silhouette compliments the area and does not crowd out the historic views, as a skyscraper would.
The second argument is that a buffer zone would stifle London’s commercial development. This argument has been rejected by the London Planning Advisory Committee and a House of Commons Select Committee, and those rejections have been endorsed by the Government. In particular, the Select Committee concluded that no company had been put off locating in London because of lack of office space, and that there was in any case plenty of other areas suitable for development.
Indeed, Canary Wharf and the NatWest Tower were both supported by the previous Conservative Government, so one can be both pro-heritage and pro-development. In any case, if development is the be all and end all, one might as well argue that we should build in Hyde Park. We don’t of course, because we recognise that commerce depends on quality of life as much as any citizen. And these important views are part of our quality of life in the capital city.
The Government has given a small nod to UNESCO’s concerns in its Heritage White Paper, published in March. But it is no more than that. It has stopped far short of calling for the buffer zone that is essential if we are to preserve these views not only for ourselves, but for the generation to come.”